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Version: v5

uiSchema

JSON Schema is limited for describing how a given data type should be rendered as a form input component. That's why this library introduces the concept of uiSchema.

A UI schema is basically an object literal providing information on how the form should be rendered, while the JSON schema tells what.

The uiSchema object follows the tree structure of the form field hierarchy, and defines how each property should be rendered.

Note that almost every property within uiSchema can be rendered in one of two ways: {"ui:options": {[property]: [value]}}, or {"ui:[property]": value}.

In other words, the following uiSchemas are equivalent:

{
  "ui:title": "Title",
  "ui:description": "Description",
  "ui:classNames": "my-class",
  "ui:submitButtonOptions": {
    "props": {
      "disabled": false,
      "className": "btn btn-info"
    },
    "norender": false,
    "submitText": "Submit"
  }
}
{
  "ui:options": {
    "title": "Title",
    "description": "Description",
    "classNames": "my-class",
    "submitButtonOptions": {
      "props": {
        "disabled": false,
        "className": "btn btn-info"
      },
      "norender": false,
      "submitText": "Submit"
    }
  }
}

For a full list of what is supported in the uiSchema see the UiSchema type in @rjsf/utils/types.ts. Be sure to pay attention to the hierarchical intersection to these other types: UIOptionsBaseType and TemplatesType.

Exceptions to the equivalence​

There are 4 properties that exist in a UiSchema that will not be found in an inner ui:options object.

ui:globalOptions​

The set of globally relevant UiSchema options that are read from the root-level UiSchema and stored in the registry for use everywhere.

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:globalOptions': { copyable: true },
};

ui:rootFieldId​

By default, this library will generate ids unique to the form for all rendered widgets. If you plan on using multiple instances of the Form component in a same page, it's wise to declare a root prefix for these, using the ui:rootFieldId uiSchema directive:

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:rootFieldId': 'myform',
};

This will make all widgets have an id prefixed with myform.

ui:field​

The ui:field property overrides the Field implementation used for rendering any field in the form's hierarchy. Specify either the name of a field that is used to look up an implementation from the fields list or an actual one-off Field component implementation itself.

See Custom Widgets and Fields for more information about how to use this property.

ui:fieldReplacesAnyOrOneOf​

By default, any field that is rendered for an anyOf/oneOf schema will be wrapped inside the AnyOfField or OneOfField component. This default behavior may be undesirable if your custom field already handles behavior related to choosing one or more subschemas contained in the anyOf/oneOf schema. By providing a true value for this flag in association with a custom ui:field, the wrapped components will be omitted, so just one instance of the custom field will be rendered. If the flag is omitted or set to false, your custom field will be wrapped by AnyOfField/OneOfField.

ui:options​

The ui:options property cannot be nested inside itself and thus is the last exception.

ui:XXX or ui:options.XXX​

All the properties that follow can be specified in the uiSchema in either of the two equivalent ways.

NOTE: The properties specific to array items can be found here

widget​

The ui:widget property overrides the Widget implementation used for rendering any field in the form's hierarchy. Specify either the name of a widget that is used to look up an implementation from the widgets list or an actual one-off Widget component implementation itself.

See Custom Widgets and Fields for more information about how to use this property.

classNames​

The uiSchema object accepts a ui:classNames property for each field of the schema:

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema = {
  title: {
    'ui:classNames': 'task-title foo-bar',
  },
};

Will result in:

<div class="field field-string task-title foo-bar">
  <label>
    <span>Title*</span>
    <input value="My task" required="" type="text" />
  </label>
</div>

style​

The uiSchema object accepts a ui:style property for each field of the schema:

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema = {
  title: {
    'ui:style': { color: 'red' },
  },
};

Will result in:

<div class="field field-string task-title" style={{ color: "red" }}>
  <label>
    <span>Title*</span>
    <input value="My task" required="" type="text">
  </label>
</div>

autocomplete​

If you want to mark a text input, select or textarea input to use the HTML autocomplete feature, set the ui:autocomplete uiSchema directive to a valid HTML autocomplete value.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:widget': 'textarea',
  'ui:autocomplete': 'on',
};

autofocus​

If you want to automatically focus on a text input or textarea input, set the ui:autofocus uiSchema directive to true.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:widget': 'textarea',
  'ui:autofocus': true,
};

description​

Sometimes it's convenient to change the description of a field. This is the purpose of the ui:description uiSchema directive:

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:widget': 'password',
  'ui:description': 'The best password',
};

disabled​

The ui:disabled uiSchema directive will disable all child widgets from a given field.

Note: If you're wondering about the difference between a disabled field and a readonly one: Marking a field as read-only will render it greyed out, but its text value will be selectable. Disabling it will prevent its value to be selected at all.

emptyValue​

The ui:emptyValue uiSchema directive provides the default value to use when an input for a field is empty

enumDisabled​

To disable an option, use the enumDisabled property in uiSchema.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = {
  type: 'string',
  enum: ['one', 'two', 'three'],
};

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:enumDisabled': ['two'],
};

enumNames​

Allows a user to provide a list of labels for enum values in the schema.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = {
  type: 'number',
  enum: [1, 2, 3],
};
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:enumNames': ['one', 'two', 'three'],
};

filePreview​

The FileWidget can be configured to show a preview of an image or a download link for non-images using this flag.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = {
  type: 'string',
  format: 'data-url',
};
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:options': {
    filePreview: true,
  },
};

help​

Sometimes it's convenient to add text next to a field to guide the end user filling it. This is the purpose of the ui:help uiSchema directive:

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:widget': 'password',
  'ui:help': 'Hint: Make it strong!',
};

Help texts work for any kind of field at any level, and will always be rendered immediately below the field component widget(s) (after contextualized errors, if any).

hideError​

The ui:hideError uiSchema directive will, if set to true, hide the default error display for the given field AND all of its child fields in the hierarchy.

If you need to enable the default error display of a child in the hierarchy after setting hideError: true on the parent field, simply set hideError: false on the child.

This is useful when you have a custom field or widget that utilizes either the rawErrors or the errorSchema to manipulate and/or show the error(s) for the field/widget itself.

inputType​

To change the input type (for example, tel or email) you can specify the inputType in the ui:options uiSchema directive.

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:options': {
    inputType: 'tel',
  },
};

label​

Field labels are rendered by default. Labels may be omitted on a per-field by setting the label option to false in the ui:options uiSchema directive.

import { Form } from '@rjsf/core';
import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';
import validator from '@rjsf/validator-ajv8';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:options': {
    label: false,
  },
};

render(<Form schema={schema} uiSchema={uiSchema} validator={validator} />, document.getElementById('app'));

They can also be omitted globally by setting the label option to false in the ui:globalOptions uiSchema directive.

import { Form } from '@rjsf/core';
import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';
import validator from '@rjsf/validator-ajv8';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:globalOptions': {
    label: false,
  },
};

render(<Form schema={schema} uiSchema={uiSchema} validator={validator} />, document.getElementById('app'));

order​

This property allows you to reorder the properties that are shown for a particular object. See Objects for more information.

placeholder​

You can add placeholder text to an input by using the ui:placeholder uiSchema directive:

import { Form } from '@rjsf/core';
import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';
import validator from '@rjsf/validator-ajv8';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string', format: 'uri' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:placeholder': 'http://',
};

render(<Form schema={schema} uiSchema={uiSchema} validator={validator} />, document.getElementById('app'));

Fields using enum can also use ui:placeholder. The value will be used as the text for the empty option in the select widget.

import { Form } from '@rjsf/core';
import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';
import validator from '@rjsf/validator-ajv8';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string', enum: ['First', 'Second'] };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:placeholder': 'Choose an option',
};

render(<Form schema={schema} uiSchema={uiSchema} validator={validator} />, document.getElementById('app'));

readonly​

The ui:readonly uiSchema directive will mark all child widgets from a given field as read-only. This is equivalent to setting the readOnly property in the schema.

Note: If you're wondering about the difference between a disabled field and a readonly one: Marking a field as read-only will render it greyed out, but its text value will be selectable. Disabling it will prevent its value to be selected at all.

rows​

You can set the initial height of a textarea widget by specifying rows option.

import { Form } from '@rjsf/core';
import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';
import validator from '@rjsf/validator-ajv8';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:options': {
    widget: 'textarea',
    rows: 15,
  },
};

render(<Form schema={schema} uiSchema={uiSchema} validator={validator} />, document.getElementById('app'));

title​

Sometimes it's convenient to change a field's title. This is the purpose of the ui:title uiSchema directive:

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = { type: 'string' };
const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:widget': 'password',
  'ui:title': 'Your password',
};

submitButtonOptions​

Sometimes it's convenient to change the behavior of the submit button for the form. This is the purpose of the ui:submitButtonOptions uiSchema directive:

You can pass any other prop to the submit button if you want, by default, this library will set the following options / props mentioned below for all submit buttons:

norender option​

You can set this property to true to remove the submit button completely from the form. Nice option, if the form is just for viewing purposes.

submitText option​

You can use this option to change the text of the submit button. Set to "Submit" by default.

props section​

You can pass any other prop to the submit button if you want, via this section.

disabled prop​

You can use this option to disable the submit button.

className prop​

You can use this option to specify a class name for the submit button.

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  'ui:submitButtonOptions': {
    props: {
      disabled: false,
      className: 'btn btn-info',
    },
    norender: false,
    submitText: 'Submit',
  },
};

duplicateKeySuffixSeparator option​

When using additionalProperties, key collision is prevented by appending a unique integer suffix to the duplicate key. For example, when you add a key named myKey to a form where myKey is already defined, then your new key will become myKey-1. You can use ui:duplicateKeySuffixSeparator to override the default separator, "-" with a string of your choice on a per-field basis.

You can also set this in the ui:globalOptions to have the same separator used everywhere.

import { UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const uiSchema = {
  'ui:globalOptions': {
    duplicateKeySuffixSeparator: '_',
  },
};

Using uiSchema with oneOf, anyOf​

anyOf​

The uiSchema will work with elements inside an anyOf as long as the uiSchema defines the anyOf key at the same level as the anyOf within the schema. Because the anyOf in the schema is an array, so must be the one in the uiSchema. If you want to override the titles of the first two elements within the anyOf list you would do the following:

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = {
  type: 'object',
  anyOf: [
    {
      title: 'Strings',
      type: 'string',
    },
    {
      title: 'Numbers',
      type: 'number',
    },
    {
      title: 'Booleans',
      type: 'boolean',
    },
  ],
};

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  anyOf: [
    {
      'ui:title': 'Custom String Title',
    },
    {
      'ui:title': 'Custom Number Title',
    },
  ],
};

NOTE: Because the third element in the schema does not have an associated element in the uiSchema, it will keep its original title.

oneOf​

The uiSchema will work with elements inside an oneOf as long as the uiSchema defines the oneOf key at the same level as the oneOf within the schema. Because the oneOf in the schema is an array, so must be the one in the uiSchema. If you want to override the titles of the first two elements within the oneOf list you would do the following:

import { RJSFSchema, UiSchema } from '@rjsf/utils';

const schema: RJSFSchema = {
  type: 'object',
  oneOf: [
    {
      title: 'Strings',
      type: 'string',
    },
    {
      title: 'Numbers',
      type: 'number',
    },
    {
      title: 'Booleans',
      type: 'boolean',
    },
  ],
};

const uiSchema: UiSchema = {
  oneOf: [
    {
      'ui:title': 'Custom String Title',
    },
    {
      'ui:title': 'Custom Number Title',
    },
  ],
};

NOTE: Because the third element in the schema does not have an associated element in the uiSchema, it will keep its original title.

Theme Options​